Brihaspati, often referred to as “Guru,” is a revered figure in Hindu mythology, known as the preceptor or spiritual guide of the Devas (gods). According to the Shiva Purana, Brihaspati is the son of the sage Angirasa and Suroopa, and he has two brothers named Utathya and Samvartana. As the spiritual leader of the Devas, Brihaspati holds a pivotal role in guiding them in matters of knowledge, morality, and spiritual duties. His wisdom is highly valued, and his status as the Guru makes him one of the most important figures among the divine beings.
Brihaspati’s family is rich with significant connections and lineages. He is said to have had children by three women, two of whom were his wives. His first wife, Shuba, gave birth to seven daughters: Bhanumathi, Raaka, Archishmathi, Mahaamathi, Mahishmathi, Sinivalli, and Havishmathi. These daughters are considered auspicious and are sometimes associated with various cosmic and natural forces, further emphasizing Brihaspati’s connection to celestial and divine realms. His second wife, Tara, gave birth to seven sons and a daughter. In some versions of the mythology, Tara’s children play important roles in various mythological events, particularly surrounding the epic conflict between the Devas and the Asuras.
In addition to his two wives, Brihaspati also had two sons, Kacha and Bharadwaja, through his brother Utathya’s wife, Mamata. Kacha, in particular, is a well-known figure in Hindu mythology. He was sent by his father Brihaspati to the Asura preceptor Shukracharya to learn the secret of the Mrita Sanjeevani mantra, which has the power to bring the dead back to life. Kacha’s story is a testament to Brihaspati’s influence and his involvement in the struggle between the Devas and Asuras, where his sons too played their part in critical events.
Brihaspati’s rise to the exalted position of preceptor of the Devas was not accidental. It is said that he performed intense penances on the banks of the sacred Prabhas Theertha, which is a highly revered pilgrimage site in India. His devotion and austerities were rewarded by none other than Lord Shiva himself, who granted Brihaspati the esteemed position of the spiritual guide of the Devas. In addition, Brihaspati was also blessed by Shiva to become one of the Navagrahas, the nine celestial deities associated with the planets in Hindu astrology. Brihaspati is identified with the planet Jupiter and is considered the bringer of knowledge, wisdom, and prosperity. His influence as a Navagraha is especially significant in the lives of those who follow Hindu astrology, and his worship is believed to remove obstacles to education, wealth, and success.
Brihaspati’s role as the Guru of the Devas is not without its challenges. His relationship with his second wife, Tara, led to one of the most famous and dramatic episodes in Hindu mythology—Tara’s abduction by Chandra (the Moon God). This caused a bitter conflict between Brihaspati and Chandra. Tara, who was renowned for her beauty, became the object of Chandra’s affection, and Chandra abducted her, leading to a confrontation between Brihaspati and the Moon God. Ultimately, the gods intervened, and Tara was returned to Brihaspati. However, the episode left its mark as Tara gave birth to Budha (the deity of Mercury), who was said to be fathered by Chandra. Despite this complicated relationship, Brihaspati raised Budha, who eventually became part of the celestial pantheon as another Navagraha.
Through these mythological accounts, Brihaspati’s character emerges as both a guiding figure of wisdom and knowledge as well as a key player in the intricate dynamics between the gods and celestial beings. His wisdom is reflected in his teaching and guiding of the Devas during times of conflict, particularly in their battles against the Asuras. It was Brihaspati’s counsel that often steered the Devas toward victory and righteousness, ensuring the preservation of cosmic order. His association with spiritual enlightenment and his pivotal role in the celestial realm make him a figure of immense respect and admiration in Hindu mythology.
Thus, Brihaspati’s significance as the Guru of the Devas, his complex family dynamics, and his exalted role as one of the Navagrahas, all weave a rich tapestry of mythology that highlights his vital role in maintaining the balance between divine power and wisdom, making him an enduring figure of reverence across the Hindu tradition.